Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation Becomes Illinois’ Only Recognized Tribe

The Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation has become Illinois’ only federally recognized tribe.

Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation, Prairie Band Resort and Casino, Illinois, Chicago
Will we see a Prairie Band Resort and Casino in Illinois like the one in Kansas? The tribe has no immediate plans but is considering its options. (Image: Prairie Band)

That’s after the U.S. Department of the Interior announced Friday it had placed 130 acres of land 70 miles west of Chicago into trust for the tribe. This is the process that converts land into a sovereign tribal reservation, partially removing it from the jurisdiction of the state, a prerequisite for Indian gaming.

The Prairie Band is headquartered near Mayetta, Kansas, where it operates the Prairie Band Resort and Casino but has ancestral ties to the land in Illinois.

The tribe believes that the land was illegally auctioned off 175 years ago, while Chief Shab-eh-nay was visiting relatives in Kansas.

Righting Wrongs

“Our federal government unlawfully sold the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation’s land in Illinois,” said Prairie Band Chairman Joseph Rupnick, the fourth-generation great grandson of Chief Shab-eh-nay, in a statement. “The decision to put portions of the Shab-eh-nay Reservation into Trust is an important step to returning the land that is rightfully theirs.”

We have been asking for this recognition and for what is rightfully ours for nearly 200 years, and we are grateful to the U.S. Department of Interior for this significant step in the pursuit of justice for our people and ancestors,” Rupnick added.

The tribe did not say how it intended to use the land, other than it would “carefully evaluate” all possibilities. Back in 2016, shortly after the Prairie Band purchased the land, the tribe proposed a class II gaming facility, but it’s unclear if those plans will be revived.

Room for Another Casino?

A casino so close to the Chicago metropolitan area might be an attractive option. But Illinois’ gaming landscape has been transformed since 2016. In 2019, Gov. J.B. Pritzker (D) signed a gambling expansion package that would establish one big casino in Chicago and five smaller regional casinos in the southern suburbs. Another casino in the area could lead to saturation.

The tribe could operate class II gaming, such as electronic bingo and poker, under the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act without the permission of the state. A class III casino, with Las Vegas-style slots and table games, would require compact negotiations with the state.

A bill filed in the Illinois House of Representatives in February would give more land to the Prairie Band. But it contains a clause that would require the tribe to maintain the land as a public conservation area – which might rule out a future casino — or face a hefty fine from the federal government.

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Seminole Tribe, DeSantis Win Florida Sports Bet Ruling

seminole_tribe_desantis_win_florida_sports_bet_rulingAn error by a federal judge soon after sportsbooks launched in Florida lawmakers on the budget committee along with recipients of state funding as well as Gov. Ron DeSantis have scored a rather large victory in court – worth at least $2.5 billion and as much as $6b by some estimates.

A three-judge panel on the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals has rejected a challenge to the 2021 state/tribal gaming compact in Florida that authorized the Seminole Tribe there to offer mobile sports betting. The practice was banned soon after books opened for business in 2021 and online sports betting in the state has been deemed in violation of the law since that time.

Sports Betting Could Open Back Up in Florida Right Away

However, that could change at any time with the new ruling. Sportsbetting could return to Florida virtually overnight.

In a nutshell, the judges decided that any conflict with the opposing party needed to be settled under state law as none of the assertions made actually had anything to do with federal law. So, while it may appear to be a landmark decision, it was really more of a venue correction than anything else in the final analysis and an appeal by the plaintiffs could send the industry right back into a death spiral at any time with a challenge to the decision and an injunction.

The Seminole Tribe applauded the decision but stopped short of saying it would resume sports betting right away.

A lawyer representing the casinos that had challenged the compact pointed out what the plaintiff side saw as nonsensical – according to Hamish Hume, the court had somehow “recognized” that federal gambling laws “cannot authorize gambling off of Indian lands, but then upheld a compact that purports on its face to do exactly that.”

The legal counsel stated, “We respectfully disagree with that decision, and are evaluating our possible next steps.”

The federal appeals court’s reversal of a lower court judge’s order was personally and politically important for Florida Governor Ron DeSantis because he personally lobbied lawmakers to pass the compact in 2021.

A spokesman for the governor stated: “While we are not surprised the lower court’s perplexing ruling was unanimously overturned, this is great news for Florida,” Mahon said in an email to Politico. “We will continue working with the Seminole Tribe of Florida to ensure the success of this historic compact — the largest gaming compact in US history.”

A spokesman for the Seminole Tribe said of the most recent decision: “The Seminole Tribe of Florida is pleased with today’s unanimous decision. It is a positive outcome for the Seminole Tribe and the people of Florida and for all of Indian Country. The Tribe is fully reviewing the decision to determine its next steps.”

New Compact Also Authorizes Table Games

In addition to authorizing sports betting the “new compact” also allowed the tribe to offer table games such as craps and roulette to its existing slots casinos and to build at least one more casino on its reservation the Hollywood area which already has a Hard Rock Hotel & Casino.

In the ruling that blocked implementation of the compact, D.C. District Judge Dabney Friedrich decided the compact was beyond what the laws allowed because it let people place sports bets anywhere in the state – which could be a violation of federal law that govern gambling on Tribal lands.

The impetus of the adverse decision was a pair of lawsuits brought by an anti-gambling group active in Florida, another that focuses primarily on the southern part of the state and casino competitors. Plaintiffs had sued U.S. Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland, who didn’t block the compact but instead took no action and allowed it to automatically come into effect after some time as prescribed by law.

The erring judge also determined that it would take a new citizens’ initiative to authorize sports betting under the premise that voters passed a law in 2018 that required any expansion of casino gambling without a citizen’s initiative – that law was supported by both Disney Corp and the Tribe.

The Tribe and DeSantis relied on the legal theory that bets processed on servers physically situated on tribal lands were indeed placed “on the Reservation”. The Trump-appointed judge called that a “fiction” and stated that: “When a federal statute authorizes an activity only at specific locations, parties may not evade that limitation by ‘deeming’ their activity to occur where it, as a factual matter, does not.”

The panel of D.C. appeals court judges in essence said that neither argument mattered in this instance: “Whether it is otherwise lawful for a patron to place bets from non-tribal land within Florida may be a question for that State’s courts, but it is not the subject of this litigation and not for us to decide.”

We hold only that the Secretary’s decision not to act on the Compact was consistent with <federal law>,” wrote Wilkins who added, “We express no opinion as to whether the Florida statute ratifying the compact is constitutional” under Florida law.

The balance of arguments raised by the litigants against the legality of the compact was also summarily dismissed as a ‘matter for state courts to decide’.

Source: DeSantis scores big legal win upholding $2.5B gambling deal with Florida tribe, Politico, June 30, 2023

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